The documentation you are viewing is for Dapr v1.7 which is an older version of Dapr. For up-to-date documentation, see the latest version.
MQTT
配置
要安装MQTT pubsub,请创建一个类型为pubsub.mqtt
的组件。 See this guide on how to create and apply a pubsub configuration
apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
name: mqtt-pubsub
namespace: default
spec:
type: pubsub.mqtt
version: v1
metadata:
- name: url
value: "tcp://[username][:password]@host.domain[:port]"
- name: qos
value: 1
- name: retain
value: "false"
- name: cleanSession
value: "false"
元数据字段规范
字段 | 必填 | 详情 | Example |
---|---|---|---|
url | Y | MQTT broker地址 | 非TLS通信: **tcp://** , TLS通信:**tcps://** 。 TLS通信:**tcps://** 。 “tcp://[username][:password]@host.domain[:port]” |
qos | N | 表示消息的服务质量等级(QoS), 默认值 0 默认值 0 | 1 |
retain | N | 定义消息是否被broker保存为指定主题的最后已知有效值 默认值为 "false" 默认值为 "false" |
"true" , "false" |
cleanSession | N | 将在客户端连接到MQTT broker时,在连接消息中设置 “clean session” 默认: "true" 默认: "true" |
"true" , "false" |
caCert | 使用TLS时需要 | 授权, 可以用secretKeyRef 来引用密钥。 |
0123456789-0123456789 |
clientCert | 使用TLS时需要 | 客户端证书, 可以用secretKeyRef 来引用密钥。 |
0123456789-0123456789 |
clientKey | 使用TLS时需要 | 客户端键, 可以用secretKeyRef 来引用密钥。 |
012345 |
backOffMaxRetries | N | The maximum number of retries to process the message before returning an error. Defaults to "0" which means the component will not retry processing the message. "-1" will retry indefinitely until the message is processed or the application is shutdown. And positive number is treated as the maximum retry count. The component will wait 5 seconds between retries. |
"3" |
使用 TLS 通信
要配置使用 TLS 通信,需配置并确保mosquitto broker支持凭证。 前提条件包括certficate authority certificate
、ca issued client certificate
、client private key
。 参见下面的示例。
apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
name: mqtt-pubsub
namespace: default
spec:
type: pubsub.mqtt
version: v1
metadata:
- name: url
value: "tcps://host.domain[:port]"
- name: qos
value: 1
- name: retain
value: "false"
- name: cleanSession
value: "false"
- name: caCert
value: ''
- name: clientCert
value: ''
- name: clientKey
value: ''
消费共享主题
当消费一个共享主题时,每个消费者必须有一个唯一的标识符。 默认情况下,应用ID用于唯一标识每个消费者和发布者。 在自托管模式下,用不同的应用程序Id运行每个Dapr运行就足以让它们从同一个共享主题消费。 然而在Kubernetes上,一个有多个应用实例的pod共享同一个应用Id,这阻碍了所有实例消费同一个主题。 为了克服这个问题,请用{uuid}
标签配置组件的ConsumerID
元数据,使每个实例在启动时有一个随机生成的ConsumerID
值。 例如:
apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
name: messagebus
namespace: default
spec:
type: pubsub.mqtt
version: v1
metadata:
- name: consumerID
value: "{uuid}"
- name: url
value: "tcp://admin:public@localhost:1883"
- name: qos
value: 1
- name: retain
value: "false"
- name: cleanSession
value: "false"
Warning
以上示例将密钥明文存储, It is recommended to use a secret store for the secrets as described here.创建一个 MQTT broker
你可以使用Docker本地运行MQTT broker:
docker run -d -p 1883:1883 -p 9001:9001 --name mqtt eclipse-mosquitto:1.6.9
然后你可以通过mqtt://localhost:1883
与服务器交互
你可以使用下面的yaml在kubernetes中运行一个MQTT broker:
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: mqtt-broker
labels:
app-name: mqtt-broker
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app-name: mqtt-broker
template:
metadata:
labels:
app-name: mqtt-broker
spec:
containers:
- name: mqtt
image: eclipse-mosquitto:1.6.9
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- name: default
containerPort: 1883
protocol: TCP
- name: websocket
containerPort: 9001
protocol: TCP
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: mqtt-broker
labels:
app-name: mqtt-broker
spec:
type: ClusterIP
selector:
app-name: mqtt-broker
ports:
- port: 1883
targetPort: default
name: default
protocol: TCP
- port: 9001
targetPort: websocket
name: websocket
protocol: TCP
然后你可以通过tcp://mqtt-broker.default.svc.cluster.local:1883
与服务器交互。
相关链接
- Dapr组件的基本格式
- Read this guide for instructions on configuring pub/sub components
- 发布/订阅构建块
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